An Unusual Presentation of the Icosahedron/Dodecahedron Base/Dual Compound

Leonardo Icosahedron

In this model, the usual presentation of the icosahedron/dodecahedron dual compound has been altered somewhat. The “arms” of star pentagons have been removed from the dodecahedron’s faces, and the icosahedron is rendered “Leonardo-style,” with smaller triangles removed from each of the faces of the icosahedron, with both these alterations made to enable you to see the model’s interior structure. Also, the dodecahedron is slightly larger than usual, so that its edges no longer intersect those of the icosahedron.

This model was made using Stella 4d, software you can obtain for yourself, with a free trial download available, at http://www.software3d.com/Stella.php.

Another Modest Proposal (with Apologies to Swift)

The day on this planet is 84,600 seconds long. That’s not far from 100,000 — so we could shorten the second a bit, call it something else, and get 100,000 of them each day to create a decimal clock. 100 of these “jiffies” could make a “stretch,” and then 100 “stretches” could make a deciday (the new version of an hour). Ten decidays, of course, make a day, so these neo-hours are pretty long, compared to the hours we’re used to experiencing. This is just practice for making an improved 10-month calendar, of course.

Why go to all this trouble? To get rid of astrology forever, that’s why!

The Beginning of the Number Pi, in Binary Through Hexadecimal, etc.

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The Beginning of the Number Pi, in Binary Through Hexadecimal, etc.

Binary (base-2) pi: 11.00100 10000 11111 10110 10101 00010 00100 00101 10100 01100 00100 01101 00110 00100 11000 11001 10001 01000 10111 00000 . . .

Trinary (base-3) pi: 10.01021 10122 22010 21100 21111 10221 22222 01112 01212 12120 01211 00100 10122 20222 12012 01211 12101 21011 20022 01202 . . .

Quaternary (base-4) pi: 3.02100 33312 22202 02011 22030 02031 03010 30121 20220 23200 03130 01303 10102 21000 21032 00202 02212 13303 01310 00020 . . .

Quinary (base-5) pi: 3.03232 21430 33432 41124 12240 41402 31421 11430 20310 02200 34441 32211 01040 33213 44004 32444 01441 04233 41330 11323 . . .

Heximal (base-6) pi: 3.05033 00514 15124 10523 44140 53125 32110 23012 14442 00411 52525 53314 20333 13113 55351 31233 45533 41001 51543 44401 . . .

Septenary (base-7) pi: 3.06636 51432 03613 41102 63402 24465 22266 43520 65024 01554 43215 42643 10251 61154 56522 00026 22436 10330 14432 33631 . . .

Octal (base-8) pi: 3.11037 55242 10264 30215 14230 63050 56006 70163 21122 01116 02105 14763 07200 20273 72461 66116 33104 50512 02074 61615 . . .

Nonary (base-9) pi: 3.12418 81240 74427 88645 17776 17310 35828 51654 53534 62652 30112 63214 50283 86403 43541 63303 08678 13278 71588 . . .

Decimal (base-10) pi: 3.14159 26535 89793 23846 26433 83279 50288 41971 69399 37510 58209 74944 59230 78164 06286 20899 86280 34825 34211 70679 . . .

Undecimal (base-11) pi: 3.16150 70286 5A48 . . .

Duodecimal (base-12) pi: 3.18480 9493B 91866 4573A 6211B B1515 51A05 72929 0A780 9A492 74214 0A60A 55256 A0661 A0375 3A3AA 54805 64688 0181A 36830 . . .

Tridecimal (base 13) pi: 3.1AC10 49052 A2C7 . . .

Tetradecimal (base-14) pi: 3.1DA75 CDA81 3752 . . .

Pentadecimal (base-15) pi: 3.21CD1 DC46C 2B7A . . .

Hexadecimal (base-16) pi: 3.243F6 A8885 A308D 31319 8A2E0 37073 44A40 93822 299F3 1D008 2EFA9 8EC4E 6C894 52821 E638D 01377 BE546 6CF34 E90C6 CC0AC . . .

* * *

In each of the above counting systems, pi’s expanded form retains the usual properties of irrational numbers: the digits don’t ever terminate, nor settle into a repetitive pattern. It also isn’t possible, in any of these counting systems, to express pi as a/b, where a and b are whole numbers in that base. However, in base-pi, the number pi is simply written this way, in its entirety: 10. Also, the square of pi is written 100, pi-cubed is written 1000, etc. However, if you want to try to figure out how to write, say, the decimal number ten, in base-pi, best of luck to you.